The gear strength of a new mechanical transmission designed to increase the loading weight of small 4.8 kW tracked agricultural transporters was analyzed. Design improvements to increase the gear strength and reduce the gear weight were proposed after examining the parameter. Methods: Sixteen Sixteen operators from three regions were surveyed to obtain the usage profile of small 4.8 kW transporters. Gear strength was evaluated by calculating contact stress and tooth root stress using commercial software following ISO 6336. Results: From the strength calculation for each gear pair, contact street smaller than tooth root stresses were produced in all gear pairs. The safety factors in most cases exceeded 1.0 except in the case of gear pair II in group II. The design life of the transporter using gear pair II in group II was 42% under harsh conditions--thus, this design life needs improvement. A robust design was proposed by examining the relevant parameters (face width and profile shift coefficient) to increase the design life of the transporter. In addition, a lightweight design for gear pair I in group II that was considered overdesigned was proposed by examining the face width to reduce the weight of the drive gear by 42% and that of the driven gear by 30%. Conclusions: The safety factor for the design life was examined through a gear strength analysis. After examining the relevant parameters, conditions for strength improvement were proposed to increase design life or adjust overdesigned gear. However, load conditions differ depending on the working conditions or user's preferences; therefore, it is necessary to conduct further studies in various regions.